Saturday, 27 April 2013

Ekonomi Makro dan Mikro


KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH DALAM BIDANG EKONOMI
Ilmu ekonomi muncul karena adanya tiga kenyataan berikut :
  • Kebutuhan manusia relatif tidak terbatas.
  • Sumber daya tersedia secara terbatas.
  • Masing-masing sumber daya mempunyai beberapa alternatif penggunaan.
Ilmu ekonomi adalah ilmu yang mempelajari perilaku manusia di dalam memenuhi kebutuhannya yang relatif tidak terbatas dengan menggunakan sumber daya yang terbatas dan masing-masing sumber daya mempunyai alternatif penggunaan (opportunity cost).
Secara garis besar ilmu ekonomi dapat dipisahkan menjadi dua yaitu ilmu ekonomi mikro dan ilmu ekonomi makro.
1. Ekonomi Makro

Ilmu ekonomi makro mempelajari variabel-variabel ekonomi secara agregat (keseluruhan). Variabel-variabel tersebut antara lain : pendapatan nasional, kesempatan kerja dan atau pengangguran, jumlah uang beredar, laju inflasi, pertumbuhan ekonomi, maupun neraca pembayaran internasional.
Ilmu ekonomi makro mempelajari masalah-masalah ekonomi utama sebagai berikut :
  • Sejauh mana berbagai sumber daya telah dimanfaatkan di dalam kegiatan ekonomi. Apabila seluruh sumber daya telah dimanfaatkan keadaan ini disebut full employment. Sebaliknya bila masih ada sumber daya yang belum dimanfaatkan berarti perekonomian dalam keadaan under employment atau terdapat pengangguran/belum berada pada posisi kesempatan kerja penuh.
  • Sejauh mana perekonomian dalam keadaan stabil khususnya stabilitas di bidang moneter. Apabila nilai uang cenderung menurun dalam jangka panjang berarti terjadi inflasi. Sebaliknya terjadi deflasi.
  • Sejauh mana perekonomian mengalami pertumbuhan dan pertumbuhan tersebut disertai dengan distribusi pendapatan yang membaik antara pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pemerataan dalam distribusi pendapatan terdapat trade off maksudnya bila yang satu membaik yang lainnya cenderung memburuk.
2. Ekonomi Mikro
Sementara ilmu ekonomi mikro mempelajari variabel-variabel ekonomi dalam lingkup kecil misalnya perusahaan, rumah tangga.
Dalam ekonomi mikro ini dipelajari tentang bagaimana individu menggunakan sumber daya yang dimilikinya sehingga tercapai tingkat kepuasan yang optimum. Secara teori, tiap individu yang melakukan kombinasi konsumsi atau produksi yang optimum bersama dengan individu-individu lain akan menciptakan keseimbangan dalam skala makro dengan asumsi ceteris paribus.
Perbedaan ekonomi mikro dan ekonomi makro
Dilihat dari
Ekonomi Mikro
Ekonomi Makro
Harga
Harga ialah nilai dari suatu komoditas (barang tertentu saja)
Harga adalah nilai dari komoditas secara agregat (keseluruhan)
Unit analisis
Pembahasan tentang kegiatan ekonomi secara individual. Contohnya permintaan dan dan penawaran, perilaku konsumen, perilaku produsen, pasar, penerimaan, biaya dan laba atau rugi perusahaan
Pembahasan tentang kegiatan ekonomisecara keseluruhan. Contohnya pendapatan nasional, pertumbu8han ekonomi, inflasi, pengangguran, investasi dan kebijakan ekonomi.

Tujuan analisis
Lebih memfokuskan pada analisis tentang cara mengalokasikan sumber daya agar dapat dicapai kombinasi yang tepat.
Lebih memfokuskan pada analisis tentang pengaruh kegiatan ekonomi terhadap perekonomian secara keseluruhan
Masalah-masalah yang dihadapi pemerintah di bidang ekonomi
  1. Masalah kemiskinan
Upaua penanggulangan kemiskinan dapat dilakukan melalui berbagai cara, misalnya program IDT (Inpres Desa Tertinggal), KUK (Kredit Usaha Kecil), KMKP (Kredit Modal Kerja Permanen) PKT (Program Kawasan Terpadu), GN-OTA dan program wajib belajar.
  1. Masalah Keterbelangkangan

Table Manners




Table manners

 Table manners are the rules of etiquette used while eating, which may also include the appropriate use of utensils. Different cultures observe different rules for table manners. Each family or group sets its own standards for how strictly these rules are to be enforced.

Table Etiquette

These are couples of simple guidelines to help you to practice table etiquette.


Ø Things you should do: 
-If  you cannot eat a certain type of food or have some special needs, tell your host  why you have no choice but to decline
-If you are a guest, it is polite to wait until your host starts eating or indicates you should do so. It shows consideration. And make sure everyone is seated at the dinner table before eating.
-Place your napkin on your lap. The napkin is used to signal the dinner is started and ended. It also is good protection your clothing
-Always chew and swallow all the food in your mouth before taking more or taking a drink.
-Take small bites and do not chew with mouth open.
-Always say thank you when served something. It shows appreciation.
-Use the stemware versus your fingers. As a sanitary precaution to you and others, make sure you wash your hands before eating. Because there is so many choices now for finger foods, it very hard to forget to use the fork and knife.
-You may eat chicken and pizza with your fingers if you are at a barbecue, finger buffet or very informal setting. Otherwise always use a knife and fork.
-When eating rolls, break off a piece of bread before buttering. Eating it whole looks tacky.
-Leave your elbows off the table or don’t lean against the table. Good posture is important and helps your food digest well. You don’t want to appear sloppy and disrespectful to others at table
 -In a restaurant, it is normal to pay for your food by putting your money on the plate the bill comes on. 
- When you have finished eating, and to let others know that you have, place your knife and folk together, with the prongs (tines) on the fork facing upwards, on your plate.

ØThings you should do not: 
-Never lick or put your knife in your mouth.
-It is impolite to start eating before everyone has been served unless your host says that you don't need to wait.
-Never chew with your mouth open. No one wants to see food being chewed or hearing it being chomped on.
-It is impolite to have your elbows on the table while you are eating.
-Don't reach over someone's plate for something, ask for the item to be passed.
-Never talk with food in your mouth.
-It is impolite to put too much food in your mouth.
-Never use your fingers to push food onto your spoon or fork.
-It is impolite to slurp your food or eat noisily.
-Never blow your nose on a napkin (serviette). Napkins are for dabbing your lips and only for that.
-Never take food from your neighbor's plate.
-Never pick food out of your teeth with your fingernails.

I am not used to eating with a knife and fork. What do I need to know?
-We eat continental style, with fork in the left hand and the knife in the right (or the other way round if you are left handed). At the top of your plate will be a dessert spoon and dessert fork.
-If you are eating at a formal dinner party, you will come across many knives and forks. Start with the utensils on the outside and work your way inward with each subsequent course

How to eat with a knife and fork in England
-The fork is held in the left hand and the knife in the right.
-If you have a knife in one hand, it is wrong to have a fork in the other with the prongs (tines) pointed up.

-Hold your knife with the handle in your palm and your folk in the other hand with the prongs pointing downwards.
-When eating in formal situations, rest the fork and knife on the plate between mouthfuls, or for a break for conversation.
-If you put your knife down, you can turn your fork over. It's correct to change hands when you do this, too, so if you are right handed you would switch and eat with the fork in your right hand.

What do you say or do if you've accidentally taken too much food and you cannot possibly eat it all?
Say:
"I'm sorry, but it seems that 'my eyes are bigger than my stomach'.
or
"I'm sorry. It was so delicious but I am full".

The main thing is not to offend your host.

          Table Manners

v  Handling Utensils
In most situations, following the “outside-in” rule will tell you which knife, fork, or spoon to use at the dinner table.
·      Use utensils on the outside first and work your way inward with each new course that is served.
·      If you are not sure which utensil to use, wait to see what is served or watch others at table and follow their lead.

Using two utensils as opposed to one is preferred because food is easier t manipulate with two utensils. In formal dining, two utensils are used for the appetizer course, main course, salad course, dessert course, and fruit course.

v  Resting Utensils
         Soiled utensils are laid on the plate or bowl it is provided with(not on the table). Never rest a utensil half on the table. The rules are, of course, different when using chopstick. You can rest your utensils when taking a break from eating :
·         Put your fork and knife in the center of your plate with the tips facing each others in an inverted V(slightly angle)
·         Rest your knife on the top righ of your place(diagonally) with the fork nearby (tines up)

v  Napkin Etiquette
·         Placing your napkin in your lap. Wait for the host or hostess to take his or her napkin off the table and place in his or her lap(an exception to this rule is buffet-style meals, where you should unfold your napkin when you start eating).
·         Unfold your napkin in one smooth motion without ”snapping” or “shaking” it open.
·         Don’t  tuck a napkin into your collar, between the buttons of your shirt, or in your belt.
·         Use your napkin frequently during the meal to blot or pat, not wipe your lips. Blot your lips before taking a drink of your beverage-especially if you’re a woman wearing lipstick
·         When leaving the table temporarily, put your napkin on your chair. If the chair is upholstered, place the napkin soiled up.

v Finished with a course
When each course is finished :
·         Place the knife and fork parallel with the handles in the four o’clock position on the right rim on the plate
·         The tips rest in the well of the plate in the ten o’clock position
·         The blade of your knife should face inward
·         The fork tines may be either up or down
·         This position signals to the server that you’re finished. It also decreases the chance that the utensils could fall to the floor when the plates are cleared.


*                Place setting

v Formal Dinner Place Setting



 










v  Informal Dinner Place Setting













NEW START


NEW START Health Program / 8 Laws of Health / Eight Natural Doctors

The NEWSTART Lifestyle Program is a health recovery program designed to prevent and reverse disease through natural methods. This physician monitored, scientifically researched program is based on eight fundamental lifestyle principles proven to help you achieve optimum health

Select one of the following Eight Natural Doctors through NEW START:-




Variety
There should not be a great variety at any one meal, for this encourages overeating, and causes indigestion.
It is not well to eat fruit and vegetables at the same meal. If the digestion is feeble, the use of both will often cause distress, and inability to put forth mental effort. It is better to have the fruit at one meal, and the vegetables at another.
The meals should be varied. The same dishes, prepared in the same way, should not appear on the table meal after meal and day after day. The meals are eaten with greater relish, and the system is better nourished, when food is varied.

Preparation Of Food
It is wrong to eat merely to gratify the appetite, but no indifference should be manifested regarding the quality of the food, or the manner of its preparation. In the preparing of bread, the following points may prove useful:-
Fine-flour bread is lacking in nutritive elements to be found in bread made from the whole wheat. It is a frequent cause of constipation and other unhealthful conditions.
The use of soda or baking-powder in bread making is harmful and unnecessary. Soda causes inflammation of the stomach, and often poisons the entire system.
In the making of raised or yeast bread, milk should not be used in place of water. Milk bread does not keep sweet so long after baking as does that made with water, and it ferments more readily in the stomach.
The loaves should be small, and so thoroughly baked that, so far as possible, the yeast germs shall be destroyed. When hot or new, raised bread of any kind is difficult of digestion. It should never appear on the table. Bread which is two or three days old is more healthful than new bread. This rule does not, however, apply to unleavened bread.
Zwieback, or twiced-baked bread, is one of the most easily digested and most palatable of foods.
Far too much sugar is ordinarily used in food. Cakes, sweets puddings, pastries, jellies, jams, are active causes of indigestion. Especially harmful are the custards and puddings in which milk, eggs, and sugar are chief ingredients. The free use of milk and sugar taken should be avoided.
Cheese may be regarded as wholly unfit for food. The objectionable features of hard or ripened cheeses are that the putrefactive process which cheese undergoes, result in the production of waste products (amines, ammonia and irritating fatty acids), which cause irritation to the nerves and the gastrointestinal tract; one of the toxic amines produced in cheese called tyramine, can cause migraine headaches and the rennet used in cheese making, comes from the stomach of calves, lambs or pigs.

Regularity In Eating
Regularity in eating is of vital importance. There should be a specified time for each meal. At this time, let every one eat what the system requires, and then take nothing more until the next meal. There are many who eat when the system needs no food, at irregular intervals, and between meals, because they have not sufficient strength of will to resist inclination. When travelling, some are constantly nibbling if anything eatable is in their reach. This is very injurious. If travellers would eat regularly of food that is simple and nutritious, they would not feel so great weariness, nor suffer so much from sickness.
Another pernicious habit is that of eating just before bedtime. The regular meals may have been taken; but because there is a sense of faintness, more food is eaten. As a result of eating late suppers, the digestive process is continued through the sleeping hours. But though the stomach works constantly, its work is not properly accomplished. The sleep is often disturbed with unpleasant dreams, and in the morning the person awakes unrefreshed, and with little relish for breakfast.
In many cases the faintness that leads to a desire for food is felt because the digestive organs have been too severely taxed during the day. After disposing of one meal, the digestive organs needs rest. At least five or six hours should intervene between the meals; and most persons who give the plan a trial, will find that two meals a day are better than three.

Wrong Conditions Of Eating
Food should not be eaten very hot or very cold. If food is cold, the vital force of the stomach is drawn upon in order to warm it before digestion can take place. Cold drinks are injurious for the same reason; while the free use of hot drinks are debilitating. In fact, the more liquid there is taken with the meals, the more difficult for the food to digest; for the liquid must be absorbed before digestion can begin. Do not eat largely of salt, avoid the use of pickles and spiced foods, eat an abundance of fruit, and the irritation that calls for so much drink at meal time will largely disappear. Food should be eaten slowly, and should be thoroughly masticated. This is necessary, in order that the saliva may be properly mixed with the food and the digestive fluids be called into action.
Another serious evil is eating at improper times, as after violent or excessive exercise, when one is much exhausted or heated. Digestion is hindered. When one is excited, anxious, or hurried, it is better not to eat until rest or relief is found.
At meal time cast off care and anxious thought; do not feel hurried, but eat slowly and with cheerfulness, with your heart filled with gratitude to God for all His blessings.

Overeating
Many who discard flesh-meats and other gross and injurious articles think that because their food is simple and wholesome they may indulge their appetite without restraint, and they eat to excess, sometimes to gluttony.
Sometimes the result of overeating is felt at once. In other cases there is no sensation of pain; but the digestive organs lose their vital force, and the foundation of physical strength is undermined.
The surplus food burdens the system, and produces morbid, feverish conditions. It calls an undue amount of blood to the stomach, causing the limbs and the extremities to chill quickly. It lays a heavy tax on the digestive organs, and when these organs have accomplished their task, their is a feeling of faintness or languor. Some who are continually overeating call this all-gone feeling hunger; but it is caused by the overworked condition of the digestive organs. At times there is a numbness of the brain, with disinclination to mental or physical effort.


Reform In Diet
Every day men in positions of trust have decisions to make upon which depend results of great importance. Often they have to think rapidly, and this can be done successfully by those only who practice strict temperance. A disordered stomach produces a disordered, uncertain state of mind. Often it causes irritability, harshness, or injustice. Many a plan that would have been a blessing to the world has been set aside, many unjust, oppressive, even cruel measures have been carried, as the result of diseased conditions due to wrong habits of eating.
Here is a suggestion for all whose work is sedentary or chiefly mental; let those who have sufficient moral courage and self-control try it: At each meal take only two or three kinds of simple food, and eat no more than is required to satisfy hunger. Take active exercise every day, and see if you do not receive benefit.
Strong men who are engaged in active physical labour are not compelled to be as careful as to the quantity or quality of their food as are persons of sedentary habits; but even these would have better health if they would practice self-control in eating and drinking.
One person can not lay down an exact rule for another. Every one should exercise reason and self-control and should act from principle.
Persons who have indulged their appetite to eat freely of meat, highly seasoned gravies, and various kinds of rich cakes and preserves, cannot immediately relish a plain, wholesome, nutritious diet. Their taste is so perverted they have no appetite for a wholesome diet of fruits, plain bread and vegetables. If they cannot at first enjoy plain food, they should fast until they can. That fast will prove to them of greater benefit than medicine, for the abused stomach will find rest which it has long needed, and real hunger can be satisfied with a plain diet. It will take time for the taste to recover from the abuse it has received, and to gain its natural tone. But perseverance in a self-denying course of eating and drinking will soon make plain, wholesome food palatable, and it will be eaten with greater satisfaction than the epicure enjoys over his rich dainties.

Man's employment, as seen in the original design is also worthy of notice. "And the Lord God took the man, and put him in the garden of Eden to dress it and to keep it." (Genesis 2:15). Man was designed for activity in the open light of the sun and the free air of heaven. These conditions were important to the joys of his existence. The subsequent curse upon Adam was not in that he should labour, but that his labours should be attended with difficulties. Exercise is essential for the body. Morning exercise, in walking in the free, invigorating air of heaven, or cultivating flowers, small fruits, and vegetables, is necessary to a healthful circulation of the blood. It is the surest safeguards against colds, coughs, congestion of the brain and lungs, inflammation of the liver, the kidneys, and the lungs, and a hundred other diseases.
Exercise aids the digestion. When we engage in severe study or violent physical exercise immediately after eating, it hinders the work of digestion; but a short walk after a meal, with the head erect and the shoulders back, is a great benefit.

In health and in sickness, pure water is one of heaven's choicest blessings. Its proper use promotes health. It is the beverage which God provided to quench the thirst of animals and man. Drunk freely, it helps to supply the necessities of the system, and assists nature to resist disease. The external application of water is one of the easiest and most satisfactory ways of regulating the circulation of the blood. A cold or a cool bath is an excellent tonic. Warm baths opens the pores, and thus aid in the elimination of impurities. Both warm and neutral baths soothe the nerves and equalise the circulation.
Whether a person is sick or well, respiration is more free and easy if bathing is practiced. By it, the muscles become more flexible, the mind and body are alike invigorated, the intellect is made brighter, and every faculty becomes livelier. The bath is a soother of the nerves. It promotes general perspiration, quickens the circulation, overcomes obstructions in the system, and acts beneficially on the kidneys and urinary organs. Bathing helps the bowels, stomach, and liver, giving energy and new life to each. It also promotes digestion, and instead of the system being weakened, it is strengthened. Instead of increasing the ability to cold, a bath, properly taken, fortifies against cold, because the circulation is improved.
As an additional aid, you may find by fasting for one or two meals, and by drinking only pure, soft water, the overburdened system will be enabled to overcome slight indispositions, and even graver difficulties may be sometimes overcome by this simple process.

Human beings, like plants, need adequate sunlight. If the windows were freed from blinds and heavy curtains, and the air and sun permitted to enter the darkened rooms, there would be seen a change for the better in the mental and physical health. The pure air would have an invigorating influence, and the sun that carries healing in its beams would soothe and cheer, and make one happy, joyous and healthy.
Trees and shrubbery too close around a house are unhealthful; for they prevent a free circulation of air, and prevent the sun rays from shining through sufficiently. In consequence of this a dampness gathers in the house, which may cause rheumatism, neuralgia and lung complaints.

True temperance teaches us to dispense with everything hurtful and to use judiciously that which is healthful.
Those who understand the laws of health and who are governed by principle, will shun the extremes, both of a self-indulgent appetite or of an insufficient meager diet. Their diet is chosen, not for the mere gratification of appetite, but for the upbuilding of the body. They seek to preserve every power in the best condition for highest service to God and man. The appetite is under the control of reason and conscience, and they are rewarded with health of body and mind. While they do not urge their views offensively upon others, their example is a testimony in favour of right principles.
  
Tea and Coffee
Tea acts as a stimulant, and, to a certain extent, produces intoxication. The action of coffee and many other popular drinks is similar. The first effect is exhilarating. The nerves of the stomach are excited; these convey irritation to the brain, and this in turn is aroused to impart increased action to the heart, and short-lived energy to the entire system. Fatigue is forgotten; the strength seems to be increased. The intellect is aroused, the imagination becomes more vivid.
Because of these results, many suppose that their tea or coffee is doing them great good. But this is a mistake. Tea and coffee do not nourish the system. Their effect is produced before there has been time for digestion and assimilation, and what seems to be strength is only nervous excitement. When the influence of the stimulant is gone, the unnatural force abates, and the result is a corresponding degree of languor and debility.
The continued use of these nerve irritants is followed by headache, wakefulness, palpitation of the heart, indigestion, trembling, and many other evils; for they wear away the life forces. Tired nerves need rest and quiet instead of stimulation and overwork. Nature needs time to recuperate her exhausted energies.
Flesh As Food
The diet appointed man in the beginning did not include animal food. Not till after the flood, when every green thing on the earth had been destroyed, did man receive permission to eat flesh.
Those who eat flesh are but eating grains and vegetables at second hand; for the animal receives from these things the nutrition that produces growth. The life that was in the grains and vegetables passes into the eater. We receive it by eating the flesh of the animal. How much better to get it direct, by eating the food that God provided for our use!
Flesh was never the best food; but its use is now doubly objectionable, since disease in animals is so rapidly increasing. Those who use flesh foods little know what they are eating. Often if they could see the animals when living and know the quality of the meat they eat, they would turn from it with loathing. People are continually eating flesh that is filled with tuberculous and cancerous germs. Tuberculosis, cancer, and other fatal diseases are thus communicated.
Often animals are taken to market, and sold for food, when they are so diseased that their owners fear to keep them longer. And some of the processes of fattening then for market produces disease. Shut away from the light and pure air, breathing the atmosphere of filthy stables, perhaps fattening on decaying food, the entire body soon becomes contaminated with foul matter.
Animals are often transported long distances and subjected to great suffering in reaching a market. Taken from the green pastures, and traveling for weary miles over the hot, dusty roads, or crowded into filthy cars, feverish and exhausted, often for many hours deprived of food and water, the poor creatures are driven to their death, that human beings may feast on the carcasses.
The effects of a flesh diet may not be immediately realised; but this is no evidence that it is not harmful. Few can be made to believe that it is the meat they have eaten which poisoned their blood and caused their suffering. Many die of diseases wholly due to meat-eating, while the real cause is not suspected by themselves or by others.

Changing The Diet
It is a mistake to suppose that muscular strength depends upon the use of animal food. The needs of the system can be better supplied, and more vigorous health can be enjoyed, without its use. The grains, with fruits, nuts, and vegetables, contain all the nutritive properties necessary to make good blood. These elements are not so well or so fully supplied by a flesh diet. Had the use of flesh been essential to health and strength, animal food would have been included in the diet appointed man in the beginning.
When the use of flesh food is discontinued, there is often a sense of weakness, a lack of vigour. Many urge this as evidence that the flesh food is essential; but it is because foods of this class are stimulating, because they fever the blood and excite the nerves, that they are so missed. Some will find it as difficult to leave off flesh-eating as it is for the drunkard to give up his dram; but they will be the better for the change.
When flesh food is discarded, its place should be supplied with a variety of grains, nuts, vegetables, and fruits, that will both be nourishing and appetising. This is especially necessary in the case of those who are weak, or who are taxed with continuous labour. In some poverty stricken countries, flesh is the cheapest food. Under these circumstances the change will be made with greater difficulty; but it can be effected. We should, however, consider the situation of the people and the power of lifelong habit, and should be careful not to urge even right ideas unduly. None should be urged to make the change abruptly. The place of meat should be supplied with wholesome foods that are inexpensive. In this matter very much depends upon the cook. With care and skill, dishes maybe prepared that will be both nutritious and appetising, and will, to a great degree, take the place of flesh food.
There is a large class who will oppose any reform movement, however reasonable, if it places a restriction on the appetite. They consult taste instead of reason or the laws of health. By this class, all who leave the beaten track of custom, and advocate reform, will be accounted radical, no matter how consistent their course.

Pure air soothes the nerves, circulates the blood healthily through the system, refreshes the body and mind, excites the appetite, renders better digestion and induces sound sleep.
However, ill-ventilated rooms weaken the system, depresses circulation and the mind, and may produce colds. It is close confinement indoors that makes many feeble and pale. They breathe the same air over and over, until it becomes laden with poisonous matter thrown off through the lungs and pores; and impurities are thus conveyed back to the blood.

Respiration
The lungs should be allowed the greatest freedom possible. Their capacity is developed by free action; it diminishes if they are cramped and compressed. Hence the ill effects of the practice so common, especially in sedentary pursuits, of stooping at one's work. In this position it is impossible to breathe deeply. Superficial breathing soon becomes a habit, and the lungs lose their power to expand. A similar effect is produced by tight clothing. Sufficient room is not given to the lower part of the chest; the abdominal muscles, which were designed to aid in breathing, do not have full play, and the lungs are restricted in their action. Hence, the whole system becomes susceptible to disease.

Death-producing germs
Every form of uncleanness tends to disease. Death-producing germs abound in dark, neglected corners, in decaying refuse, in dampness and mould and must. No waste vegetables or heaps of fallen leaves should be allowed to remain near the house, to decay and poison the air. Nothing unclean or decaying should be tolerated within the home. In towns or cities regarded perfectly healthful, many an epidemic of fever has been traced to decaying matter about the dwelling of some careless householder.

Some make themselves sick by overwork. For these, rest, freedom from care, and a spare diet, are essential to restoration of health. To those who are brain weary and nervous because of continual labour and close confinement, a visit to the country, where they can live a simple, carefree life, coming in close contact with the things of nature, will be most helpful. Roaming through the fields and the woods, picking the flowers, listening to the songs of the birds, will do far more than any other agency toward their recovery.

The Saviour in His miracles revealed the power that is continually at work in man's behalf, to sustain and to heal him. Through the agencies of nature, God is working, day by day, hour by hour, moment by moment, to keep us alive, to build up and restore us. When any part of the body sustains injury, a healing process is at once begun; nature's agencies are set at work to restore soundness. But the power working through these agencies is the power of God. All life-giving power is from Him. When one recovers from disease, it is God who restores him.
Sickness, suffering and death are the work of an antagonistic power. Satan is the destroyer; God is the Restorer.
Nothing tends more to promote health of body and of soul than does a spirit of gratitude and praise. It is a positive duty to resist melancholy, discontented thoughts and feelings, - as much a duty as it is to pray. If we are heaven-bound, how can we go as a band of mourners, groaning and complaining all along the way to the Father's house?
When some one asks how you are feeling, do not try to think of something mournful to tell in order to gain sympathy. Do not talk of your lack of faith and your sorrows and sufferings. The tempter delights to hear such words. When talking on gloomy subjects, you are glorifying him. We are not to dwell on the great power of Satan to overcome us. Often we give ourselves into his hands by talking of his power.We need to learn that indulged appetite is the greatest hindrance to mental improvement and soul sanctification.